32 #Siddha #External #Medicine/#Therapies
Like Tamil civilization and Tamil speaking people, our ancient Siddhars always thought differently and differed from others. The Siddhars differ from Vedam (Vedantham) and originated Siddham (Siddhantham). We can assure the Siddhars won't fully believe Veda and raised their voices against "false beliefs" which were not accepted by them. They widely used their wisdom to analyse the truth said in Veda, #accepted the most trusted and #rejected those were against community.
Like 32 Siddha Internal medicines, Siddhars compiled various external therapies into 32 different categories under Siddha #PURA #MARUTTHUVAM. Nowadays different kinds of external therapies are practiced all over the world, but we could not forget or refuse that their roots have been arisen from Tamil Medical System.
Siddha system is a fulfilled medical system having its 32 classical external therapies rather than other indigenous medical systems.
#Siddha #External #Therapy is an unsung area in Siddha Medical System. Each and every Siddha clinic should have a dedicated external therapy centre to uplift their practice👍
1. கட்டு
#KATTU (Compress or Bandage)
Definition
Application and covering of a specially prepared topical medicine made up of crude plants, birds, fermented water or inorganic substances on the affected area is known as Kattu. This procedure is usually done for three times, at an interval of 3-7 days. It essentially a procedure of fresh bandaging of crude or boiled plants, birds in vinegar and inorganic salts on the affected places of the body. In general Kattu is the method of applying a strip of material such as climber, whole plant, boiled bird skin, fermented water or inorganic substances on the affected area to protect, immobilize, compress, or support a wound, swelling, abscess or injured body part.
2. பற்று
#PATRU (Semi-Solid Poultice)
Definition
According to Therayar Patru is a method of applying fine powder or crude drugs grinded with an appropriate liquid as a semi solid poultice and warmed gently or boiled before applying it on the affected area. It is defined as one of a heat therapy by Therayar. It is generally use in the diseased conditions like swellings and abscesses. Eventhough Patru is not practiced under heat therapy, it is mandatory to warm the Patru before application for good prognosis.
3. ஒற்றடம்
#OTRADAM (Fomentation)
Definition
In general Otradam is prepared and administered as follows. The required plant parts, grains and others are put in a container, fried or boiled or heated and then tied in a cloth bag. The bag is put on the affected areas and then gently compressed and released in a rhythemic manner for few minutes or till the heat subsides. It is also called as Otral. Bronze, iron, rod, sand, cloth, mud vessel are also heated and used for fomentation to give relief from pain. It may be defined as a method of rhythemic compression and relaxation of a hot or cold paste or cloth bags or vessels on the affected areas.
4. பூச்சு
#POOTCHU (Liquid Poultice)
Definition
Pootchu is defined as the topical application of medicated oils or herbal juices, decoctions after warming them gently. It may be also prepared by dissolving the herbal powders or tablets into a juice or oil and then used. Generally it is slowly applied on the affected areas and then gently smeared for few minutes or till the heat subsides.
5. வேது
#VEDHU (Steaming)
Definition
Vedhu is defined as a method of stimulation of sweat using pain or medicated steam. It is otherwise called as Sweat therapy. It relieves hypersensitivity of hair follicles, pricking pain and organ spasm. It relaxes and brings softness to the spastic organs. It rids chronic Vali diseases (Neurological disorders).
6. பொட்டணம்
#POTTANAM (Bundle application)
Definition
Pottanam is defined as a method of medicated powders put in a cloth bundle, tied well and kept on the affected areas or smelt or dipped in a liquid medicine and then kept on the affected areas. It may also stimulate sweat on the treatment sites. It is otherwise called as medicated pouch or bundle fomentation. It relieves Vadha diseases.
7. தொக்கணம்
#THOKKANAM (Massage manipulation)
Definition
Thokkanam is a method of manipulation and mobilization of the affected areas using hidden vital points (Varma pulli) i.e. energy points. According to Therayar Thokku means muscle and Anam means Hugging. In this method the physician or the therapist touching, manipulating, percussing the affected areas of the patient by one or more among nine methods described by Therayar Tharu. Thokkanam rids chronic Vali diseases (Neurological disorders). It is otherwise called as Marthanam. It is a special external therapy to treat Vaadha diseases (Neruo muscular diseases) and specially employed for stroke, sprain, dislocation, muscle weakness, pain arisen from other diseases.
8. புகை
#PUGAI (Medicated Fumigation)
Definition
Pugai is defined as a method of fumigation in which the medicated fume is generated by burning the drugs directly or putting the drugs into the fire.
9. மை
#MAI (Medicated eye salve)
Definition
Mai is defined as a soft external application mostly lined on the eye lashes in smaller quantity to treat eye diseases. Lining of eye lashes is usually performed by a specific probe. Mai is otherwise called as Anjanam.
10. பொடி திமிர்தல்
#PODI THIMIRTHAL (Powder massage)
Definition
Podithimirthal is defined as a method in which dry herbal powder is applied over the affected skin or all over the body then peeled out gently after some time by rolling method.
11. கலிக்கம்
#KALIKKAM (Liquid ophthalmic application)
Definition
Kalikkam is defined as a method of ophthalmic liquid application (Eye drops). Kalikkam is prepared by crushing and extracting the liquid juice from fresh plant parts or packed in a cloth and soaked in a liquid and then the liquid juice extracted. The extracted juice is instilled into eyes. Kalikkam (Ophthalmic drops) is first instilled into left eye and then into right eye. Generally Kalikkam is instilled into medial eyelid of the eye upto 1-5 drops. Kalikkam is a method employed to treat aquous type of eye diseases, Iya humour diseases and various complex diseases, of the eye. Kalikkam is widely employed in unconscious patients during emergency medical care.
12. நசியம்
#NASIYAM (Liquid nasal application)
Definition
Nasiyam is a method of instilling liquid into both nostrils. Fresh plant parts are crushed and filtered or boiled and filtered or the semisolid prepared medicine is dissolved in solution and filtered or prepared fatty oil is instilled into nostrils. It is widely employed to treat the diseases of ear, nose and throat and strengthens the organs above neck.
13. ஊதல்
#UTHAL (Medicated aerosol)
Definition
Uthal is a method of blowing air from the mouth towards ear, eyes etc., after chewing few leaves or raw drugs. Uthal may be performed towards septic wounds, ulceration in the anal canal using a blow pipe filled with medicines.
14. நாசிகாபரணம்
#NASIKAPARANAM (Powder nasal application)
Definition
Nasikaparanam is defined as the method of application of dry nasal powder into nostrils. It is otherwise called as nasal snuff or nasal powder. Dry raw drugs are crushed, finely powdered and filtered using a fine cloth. The fine powder about Panai edai (488 mg) is used to apply.
15. களிம்பு
#KALIMBU (Ointment application)
Definition
Kalimbu is defined as the buffer of oil and water, compounded with specific drug powders. It is otherwise called as Kuzhambu. The raw drugs are finely powered and gently grinded with appropriate oil substance or butter. The grinded drug is rubbed and washed with water. Kalimbu is entirely different from Vennai drug which is already used using butter. Kalimbu is effective in treating chronic ulcers, serious not healing ulcers. Strong corrosive alkaline medicines are generally used to treat chronic ulcers and the medicines may cause corrosive reactions. Kalimbu medicines nullify the unwanted effects of caustic drugs due to their butter and ghee contents.
16. சீலை
#SEELAI (Plaster application)
Definition
Seelai is defined as the method of smearing poisonous medicinal drugs grinded with appropriate oil substance on a sterile cloth to make a plaster. It is otherwise called as Pattikattal, Pattithuni, Ottumthuni, Salla or Plasthiri.
The prepared medicated plaster is administered as per requirement. It is applied on the affected area by gently heating or with out heating the plaster. Gingelley oil and castor oil is commonly used to prepare plasters.
17. நீர்
#NEER (Medicated solution)
Definition
Neer is defined as the method of soaking the drugs into the water or making a decoction or dissolving the dry powder into water or mixing the plant juice into the water and the filtered solution is applied on the affected area to treat or wash.
18. வர்த்தி
#VARTHI (Medicated pessary)
Definition
Varthi is defined as a medicated plug in which the appropriate drugs are grinded well and rolled as plug and used to be inserted into an opening. Varthi may also be called as Thiri or wick or pessary. The plug may also be prepared by smearing the dissolved drugs or heated medicated oil on a cloth wick or cotton wick. Varthi may be performed to treat septic wounds, vaginal diseases, penile ulcers, chronic constipation and ano rectal diseases. Varthi is also used as annual pessary to excrete fecal matter in chronic constipation. It is otherwise called as medicated thiri.
19. சுட்டிகை
#SUTTIGAI (Cautery cauterization)
Definition
Suttigai is defined as the destruction of tissue using a hot instrument. The method of destruction tissue using a hot instrument is known as cauterization. Many corrosive chemicals, hot metals, heated wood or stone, hot sun rays and hot air also can destroy the unwanted tissue and widely used to necrotize the warts, corns and to stop bleeding from injured or incised wounds.
20. சலாகை
#SALAGAI (Surgical probing)
Definition
Salagai is defined as a probing therapy using a surgical probe to destruct and clean the detoriated tissue using a long instrument. The method of cleaning the infected tissue using a long probe is known as Salagai.
21. பசை
#PASAI (Embrocation application)
Definition
Pasai is defined as the mixture of medicated powders with specific oil and melted honey bee wax. In general pasai is prepared by adding honey bee wax with few medicinal powders. Its physical property is almost similar with wax or gum. It is otherwise called as lepam or servai or mezhugu. During the preparation of Pasai paraffin wax is not generally used, because honey bee is better than paraffin wax.
22. களி
#KALI (Cataplasm paste application)
Definition
Kali is defined as an application and covering of a specially prepared topical medicine made up of a rice flour or flour of any cereals or pulses cooked well. It is topically applied to treat swelling, abscess, lymphadenitis etc.
23. பொடி
#PODI (Medicated dust or Powder application)
Definition
Podi is defined as the finely powdered raw drugs used to sprinkle on the affected areas. It is dusted over the chronic weeping or purulent wounds.
24. முறிச்சல்
#MURICHAL (Bone re-breaking and re-setting)
Definition
Murichal is the method of physical manipulation by which the dislocated bone, joint or mal-union bone are brought to their normal position by re-breaking and re-setting. It may need local or nerve block anesthesia for breaking and resetting.
25. கீறல்
#KEERAL (Incisions and Draining)
Definition
Deeral is defined as a incisions and draining with a small incisions done on the abcess and drain the exudates.
26. காரம்
#KAARAM (Chemical cauterization)
Definition
Karram is defined as a method of inducing blisters or ulcers or dissolving the cutaneous tissue on the particular area where the unsighty warts or unwanted growth are present. It helps to destruct the tissue using a caustic and corrosive chemical. The method of destruction of tissue using a hot chemical like latex, sodium carbonate, alum helps to complete removal of tissue and also prevents the recurrence.
27. அட்டைவிடல்
#ATTAI VIDAL (Leech Application)
Definition
Leech Therappy is the method of keeping medicinal leech over the affected area to absorb the blood.
28. அறுவை
#ARUVAI (Surgical application)
Definition
Aruvai or Surgery is defined as the method of removing or repairing the affected organs by using surgical instruments.
29. கொம்புகட்டல்
#KOMBU KATTAL (Bone setting by supporting)
Definition
Kombu Kattal is defined as the method of fixing wood or steel or hard rods over the bone fractures or dislocated joints as a support to ascertain immobilization and reunion.
30. உறிஞ்சல்
#URINJAL (Needle or pipe aspiration)
Definition
Urinjal is defined as the method of aspiration by means of fine needle or suction by means of long probe to aspirate and excise the unwanted fluid in the mass or opening.
31. குருதி வாங்கல்
#KURUTHI VAANGAL (Instrumental blood letting)
Definition
Kuruthivaangal is defined as the method of leading and removing the excess blood in specific areas. It is commonly known as instrumental blood letting.
#Information #Compilation:
Dr J Jeyavenkatesh MD Siddha, PhD,
Kokila Siddha Hospital and Research Centre,
27, Jaihindpuram First Street,
Madurai 625011
www.herbalsiddha.com
32. பீச்சு
#PEETCHU (Douche application)
Definition
Peetchu is the method of insertion of liquid medicines to excrete or wash the internal organs using a piston and pipe. The instrument used to perform Peetchu is called as Peetchu karuvi.
Write up by Dr. Jeyavenkatesh MD(S)
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